Leather is a tough fabric that can take a lot of punishment. That does not mean it is invulnerable, however, and it will tear under the right circumstances. The easiest way to repair leather is to sew it. There are no super-special techniques to sewing leather, but there is a certain skill to it and you have to treat the leather with respect. It was once part of a living creature, after all, and therefore it is different from most fabrics. Also, there is no need to sew it by hand – you can use a sewing machine, which makes it a lot easier.

You will need to use a leather needle instead of a regular needle. Due to leather being so durable, it will snap a regular needle in two. Using a leather needle will prevent this problem. For the thread, use polyester in the dye of your choice. Cotton is too weak to hold leather together. You will also need two-sided leather tape, a rotary cutter, and a leather presser foot; again, for reasons of strength, ordinary materials just will not do.

Remember, you cannot rip out sections you didn’t sew well. This can make it hard to repair leather. It might be better to practice on a cotton sample of the area you want to repair. This way you will get a better idea of the manuevers to use when you repair the actual leather. When you sew up torn leather, take the cotton practice sample and lay it over the leather so you can get an even clearer idea of how to sew it. It is important to make it as clear as possible to yourself because you probably will not be able to undo any mistakes. You can even mark the pattern on the leather with chalk if you feel comfortable doing that.

When sewing, use a long stitch. Using a short stitch will create a perforating effect that will actually render the leather more vulnerable to tearing. If your machine skips a stitch, go back later and do the missing stitch by hand using your leather needle.

Dyeing leather isn’t just for the craftsman or professional leatherworker. There are many different reasons to dye leather yourself, but the most common is that the leather is dirty or faded and you want to touch it up. An admirable sentiment, but don’t let it carry you away from the reality of dyeing leather. If your leather is vegetable-tanned (meaning it was tanned using plant extract) this will make it easier to dye, for many types of dyes only work with vegetable-tanned leather. Leather that is dyed correctly makes it much more professional looking and desirable to wear. It’s easy to tell when leather is dyed because of the color sometimes used. Also, use common sense: have you ever seen a yellow cow? Or a green or blue one? That should tell you the leather has been dyed.

Before getting into the process of dyeing leather, let’s establish some basic principles. The majority of leather is the by-product of the meat industry, since the skins and hides have less value compared to the meat inside them. The tanning process used to make the leather will determine what kind of dye will work best with it. As mentioned in the previous paragraph, certain dyes only work with vegetable-tanned leather. Different tanning processes result in different colors, which is how you can tell by what process the leather was tanned. The color of vegetable-tanned leather is a light tan, chromium-tanned leather is a pale blue-grey, and aldehyde-tanned leather produces a very light cream or even white color. There are other tanning methods and other colors produced by those methods, of course, but these three are the most common.

You may ask how is leather able to be dyed with all the chemicals it is treated with to make it leather? Simple. Leather is still skin, albeit chemically-altered and chemically-preserved skin. Like human skin, leather is still susceptible to discoloration and staining. Ink blotches can affect leather just as they can affect human skin, except with leather the blotch is more than likely to become permenant. This is why it is possible for leather to be dyed. Unfortunately, because of the tanning process, even water can permenantly damage and discolor leather. Suede is especially vulnerable to this type of damage, which is why you never wear suede leather in the rain. Of course, to some discolored suede leather is still desirable, but for most water discoloration ruins the leather for good.

To dye leather, gently brush the dye into the leather and rub it in thoroughly. You must allow the coat to dry completely before proceeding. Don’t forget to wipe any excess dye off, and go ahead and apply additional coats as needed. Be sure to wear protective gloves when doing this, because the dye will color your skin just as it will the leather, for the reasons outlined above.

That’s really all there is to it. Don’t forget to let the leather dry overnight before using it again.